Binary Tree Level Order Traversal

Given a binary tree, return thelevel ordertraversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).

For example: Given binary tree[3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its level order traversal as:

[
  [3],
  [9,20],
  [15,7]
]

层序遍历二叉树是典型的广度优先搜索BFS的应用，但是这里稍微复杂一点的是，我们要把各个层的数分开，存到一个二维向量里面，大体思路还是基本相同的，建立一个queue，然后先把根节点放进去，这时候找根节点的左右两个子节点，这时候去掉根节点，此时queue里的元素就是下一层的所有节点，用一个for循环遍历它们，然后存到一个一维向量里，遍历完之后再把这个一维向量存到二维向量里，以此类推，可以完成层序遍历。代码如下：

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def levelOrder(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: List[List[int]]
        """
        if not root:
            return []
        result =[]
        level = [root]
        while level:
            newlevel = []
            result.append([i.val for i in level])
            for n in level:
                if n.left:
                    newlevel.append(n.left)
                if n.right:
                    newlevel.append(n.right)
            level = newlevel
        return result